More than 80% of the whole park is covered by woods, which vary in shape and as regards the opportunities offered to visitors, according to altitudes and climates.
Less common are Ploughed farmlands and pastures. The slopes were originally deforested to provide farmland, but over the last twenty years juniper, hawthorn, dog-roses and broom have once more encroached as nature reclaims its own.

Woods
Woods are incomparably varied. Up to about 800 m, the hillside woodlands are formed by hop hornbeam, Turkey oak, flowering ash, hornbeam, field maple, Italian maple, Sorbus domestica and wild service tree. Lime, flowering ash, hazel, hornbeam, Turkey oak, durmast oak and sweet chestnuts also occur in mixed woods. On the ground, Helleborus, common primrose, herb Trinity, violets, lung-wort and wood anemone provide a show of colour and the pretty evergreen spurge laurel catches the eye.

Forests
Those who visit the park will never forget its silver fir-woods. From 800-900 m up to the ridge between Tuscany and Romagna, woodland covers the mountain sides as far as the eye can see. The Casentino State Forests - one of the best-protected Apennine woodlands - are in the middle of the Park. In winter the deciduous trees - especially beeches - contrast visibly with the dark evergreens such as the silver firs. At higher altitudes the beech prevails, with towering great maple and rowan trees. At the end of the winter the snowdrop blossoms in the forest; large areas are coloured by Corydalys flowers (Corydalis solida, C. cava), scilla, wood anemone and Mercurialis (dog's-Mercury). As the season advances, wood-sorrel, Dentaria (Cardamine bulbifera, C. heptaphylla, C. kitaibelii, C. trifolia), the wood spurge (Euphorbia amygdaloides) and ramsons bloom in quick succession. These early-flowering species are followed by Geranium nodosum, herb Robert (Geranium robertianum), whorled Solomon's seal, sweet woodruff, touch-me-not (Impatiens noli-tangere) and martagon lily. Alongside the forest brooks, the marsh marigold blooms. As its golden flowers fade, butterbur leaves form a dense carpet of foliage.

Prairies
The best-known and vastest is that of the Burraia, which results from human activities: man has taken away strips of land for farming purposes. At Burraia it is possible to find 40 undergrowth species. At higher altitudes, on the tops of Mount Falco and of Mount Gabrendo, whortleberry grow spontaneous.